The muscle begins at the flexor retinaculum in…. The movement of the upper arm and shoulder is controlled by a group of four muscles that make up the rotator cuff. The largest and strongest muscle in….
The extensor pollicis longus muscle begins at the ulna and the interosseous membrane, a tough fibrous tissue that connects the ulna and the radius in…. The biceps brachii, sometimes known simply as the biceps, is a skeletal muscle that is involved in the movement of the elbow and shoulder.
It is a…. The skeletal system is the foundation of your body, giving it structure and allowing for movement. Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. Read this next. Supraspinatus Medically reviewed by the Healthline Medical Network. Quadratus plantae Medically reviewed by the Healthline Medical Network. Depressor labii inferioris Medically reviewed by the Healthline Medical Network. Select personalised content. Create a personalised content profile.
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Develop and improve products. List of Partners vendors. The patella, most commonly referred to as the kneecap, is the largest sesamoid bone in the body. This tendon helps hold the patella in place along with other muscles found in and near the quadriceps so it can do its most important job, protect the knee joint. The patella bone goes through the process of ossifying turning into bone between the ages of three and six years old. The apex, or point, of the patella points downward towards the shin while the base of the bone sits upward towards the thigh.
The base is also what attaches to the quadriceps tendon. The back of the patella forms a joint with the femur , otherwise known as the thighbone. This makes the femur become a joint facet, as it also connects with a medial and lateral condyle of the femur. The patella is also attached by the vastus lateralis and medialis , which are muscles in the thigh. From the apex of the patella comes the patellar ligament, which connects to the front of the tibia shin bone.
The middle of the patella consists of openings for arteries to supply blood to the kneecap. Muscles in the thigh, parts of the femur, and a tendon in the knee, referred to as medial patellar retinaculum and that crosses the knee joint in the middle of the patella, all work together to keep the patella stabilized.
The patella sits between the femur and tibia, not only protecting the knee joint but connecting muscles in the front of the femur to the tibia. Under the patella and the at the end of the femur is articular cartilage , which makes it possible for the patella and femur bones to move alongside each other. This cartilage offers protection on top of added mobility with any knee movements.
Most of the anatomical variations of the patella have to deal with the shape of the bone itself. These include:. There are three types of anatomical variations in a healthy patella based on the size and symmetry of the patella itself.
The main job of the patella is to help with knee extension and movement, while offering protection for the knee joint. In the case of knee extension, this movement happens by the patella offering leverage that the quadriceps tendons it's attached to can put on the femur. There are flat bones in the skull occipital, parietal, frontal, nasal, lacrimal, and vomer , the thoracic cage sternum and ribs , and the pelvis ilium, ischium, and pubis.
The function of flat bones is to protect internal organs such as the brain, heart, and pelvic organs. Flat bones are somewhat flattened, and can provide protection, like a shield; flat bones can also provide large areas of attachment for muscles. The long bones , longer than they are wide, include the femur the longest bone in the body as well as relatively small bones in the fingers.
Long bones function to support the weight of the body and facilitate movement. Long bones are mostly located in the appendicular skeleton and include bones in the lower limbs the tibia, fibula, femur, metatarsals, and phalanges and bones in the upper limbs the humerus, radius, ulna, metacarpals, and phalanges. Short bones are about as long as they are wide. Located in the wrist and ankle joints, short bones provide stability and some movement. The carpals in the wrist scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, hamate, pisiform, capitate, trapezoid, and trapezium and the tarsals in the ankles calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuboid, lateral cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, and medial cuneiform are examples of short bones.
Irregular bones vary in shape and structure and therefore do not fit into any other category flat, short, long, or sesamoid.
They often have a fairly complex shape, which helps protect internal organs. For example, the vertebrae, irregular bones of the vertebral column, protect the spinal cord. The irregular bones of the pelvis pubis, ilium, and ischium protect organs in the pelvic cavity. Sesamoid bones are bones embedded in tendons. These small, round bones are commonly found in the tendons of the hands, knees, and feet.
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